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Participants can provide three main demand response project types:
Projects in which measures are undertaken to reduce electricity consumption in response to a dispatch signal. A typical demand response method may include: reduced lighting, adjustable HVAC temperatures, adjustable refrigeration equipment, turned off office equipment, turned off fans and pumps, turned off elevators, existing generation, shifting manufacturing process, and other similar actions, which can be turned off or cycled on and off.
Projects in which measures are undertaken to control the level of energy usage at a given time by shifting consumption from a period of peak demand to an off-peak period.
Projects that involve generation that serves all or part of the electricity requirements of a load that would otherwise have been served from the distribution system. This generation is located behind the revenue meter that is used to measure the consumption of electricity of the load from the distribution system.
Ideal loads for demand response stem from equipment that is permanently in use regardless of the season such as:
- Lighting (ambient, decor or task);
- Dehumidification Equipment;
- Mechanical Loads (e.g. pumps, exhaust fans etc…);
- Air Handling Intake Fans;
- Process Equipment;
- Equipment with Storage Capability (e.g. scrap guiders);
- Shifting Manufacturing Process;
- Adjustable Refrigeration;
- Elevators;
- Office Equipment;
- Anything that can be turned off or cycled off
Other loads, which are intermittent in nature, that can be incorporated into a demand response program include:
- Air Conditioning/HVAC;
- Electric Heating (space, critical, ambient, etc…);
- Seasonal Loads (e.g., fountains)
Preferably, the load that is entered into the program should be derived from equipment identified as an “Ideal Load”, with a strategic percentage included from those designated as “Intermittent/Seasonal Load”. This effective balance will provide maximum benefits.
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